Gastroscopy

Gastroscopy

What Is Gastroscopy and How Is It Performed?

Gastroscopy is an endoscopic procedure used to visualize the inner surface of the stomach. In this procedure, a flexible tube called an endoscope is used. The endoscope contains a light source and a camera, allowing the doctor to observe the inside of the stomach in real time. During this procedure, the stomach, and sometimes the esophagus and duodenum, are examined.

Gastroscopy is used for the diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as gastric ulcers, gastritis, gastric cancer, and esophageal reflux disease. Biopsy samples can also be taken, and bleeding vessels can be coagulated. The procedure is generally safe and effective, serving as an important tool for evaluating the stomach's health and diagnosing problems.

Gastroscopy is typically performed under mild sedation, but in some cases, general anesthesia may be preferred.

The steps of a gastroscopy procedure are as follows:

• Preparation: The patient is asked to fast for a specific period (usually 6-8 hours), which helps empty the stomach for better endoscopic imaging. Medications or other special instructions may be given to empty the stomach.

• Insertion: During gastroscopy, the patient lies on their back or in a lateral position. Local anesthesia is applied to the patient's throat, and a relaxing medication may be administered. This numbs the throat and makes it easier for the endoscope to pass. Then, a thin and flexible endoscope is inserted through the mouth and slowly advanced from the esophagus into the stomach.

• Examination: During the procedure, the doctor can carefully examine the inner surface of the stomach, the esophagus, and the stomach outlet. When the endoscope reaches the stomach, the doctor looks at the images inside on a monitor. The inner surface of the stomach is carefully examined for any abnormalities, ulcers, polyps, bleeding, tumors, or inflammation. If necessary, biopsies can be taken or therapeutic interventions can be performed.

• Completion and Removal: Gastroscopy is generally painless. However, patients may sometimes feel mild discomfort or pressure. When the procedure is completed, the endoscope is slowly withdrawn, and the patient may be observed for a while until they feel comfortable.

• Post-Procedure: Gastroscopy usually takes 10-20 minutes, but the duration may vary from person to person. After gastroscopy, while the anesthesia or sedation effects wear off, the patient continues to rest. There may be a mild discomfort sensation in the throat, and it is recommended to transition to liquid or soft foods for a short period. Typically, the patient is discharged on the same day and can return to normal daily activities.

Gastroscopy is an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of stomach diseases. Adhering to the doctor's instructions before and after the procedure is essential for a successful gastroscopy.