Retinal Tumor

Retinal Tumor

A retinal tumor is an abnormal growth of cells that occurs in the tissue known as the retina, which is the layer of the eye responsible for perceiving and transmitting images to the brain. Retinal tumors are generally categorized into two main groups: benign (non-cancerous) tumors and malignant (cancerous) tumors.

• Benign retinal tumors are typically considered non-cancerous and generally do not pose a serious threat to visual function. Among these tumors is retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer that develops in childhood. Retinoblastoma can affect one or both eyes and requires early diagnosis and treatment.
• Malignant retinal tumors, on the other hand, can be more serious and threaten visual function. The most common malignant retinal tumor is choroidal melanoma. The choroid is a layer located at the back of the eye, covering the area just in front of the pupil. Choroidal melanoma originates from cells called melanocytes and can grow inside the eye. Such tumors can lead to vision loss, blurred vision, eye pain, and other symptoms. If choroidal melanoma is not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, it can metastasize to other parts of the body.

Symptoms of retinal tumors can vary depending on the type and size of the tumor. These may include vision loss, blurry or changing vision, eye pain, photosensitivity (sensitivity to light), and seeing spots or shapes in the eye.

Diagnosis of retinal tumors may require a comprehensive eye examination, imaging tests (such as ultrasound, optical coherence tomography), and sometimes procedures like biopsies.

Treatment options depend on factors such as the type of tumor, its size, and extent. Some small or benign tumors can be managed through observation or local treatments like laser therapy. Larger or malignant tumors often require surgery, radiation therapy, or occasionally chemotherapy. The treatment plan is determined by an eye specialist or oncologist and is tailored to the individual's specific condition.