General Surgery

General Surgery

General surgery is a branch of medicine that involves the diagnosis, treatment and surgical intervention of diseases in various parts of the body. General surgeons diagnose, treat and surgically intervene in diseases of the internal organs, abdominal cavity, digestive system, breast, skin, thyroid gland, circulatory system and many other body parts. 

This branch focuses on improving the health of patients using a variety of surgical techniques and procedures. General surgery addresses emergencies, cancers, infections, trauma and many other diseases that often require surgery.

In addition to surgical interventions, general surgeons can also contribute to managing patients primarily with conservative treatments. These may include medication, dietary recommendations, lifestyle changes and other non-invasive approaches.

Methods Used in General Surgery Operations

Open Surgery (Conventional Surgery) 

Open surgery is the traditional method of surgery. In this method, the surgeon directly accesses the organs by cutting the skin and tissues to perform the surgery. Open surgery can be used for many different types of surgery and allows the surgeon to better see and control the procedure.

Laparoscopic Surgery (Closed Surgery) 

Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed through a thin tube (laparoscope) through which small cameras and instruments are inserted. In this method, the surgeon makes small incisions, inserts the laparoscope and other instruments into the abdomen and performs the surgery through images on a monitor. Laparoscopic surgery can offer advantages such as less blood loss, less pain, shorter hospital stay and faster recovery.

Robotic Surgery 

Robotic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical method in which the surgeon controls surgical instruments through robotic arms. In this method, the surgeon performs the surgery through a camera that views the inside of the patient from the console. Robotic surgery can provide the surgeon with greater precision and mobility.

Endoscopic Surgery 

Endoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical method used to access organs inside the body. In this method, the surgeon accesses internal organs from outside the body through a long, thin tube called an endoscope and performs the surgery. Endoscopic surgery is often used in gastrointestinal tract surgeries and some other internal organ interventions.

General Surgery Operations 

Appendicitis Surgery: Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix. This condition may require emergency surgery and is treated with an appendectomy performed by general surgeons.

Cholecystectomy (Gallbladder Surgery): Stones or other problems in the gallbladder are treated with general surgery when the gallbladder needs to be removed.

Colon and Rectum Surgeries: In cases such as colon cancer, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, it may be necessary to remove part of the colon or rectum with general surgery.

Breast Surgery: In patients diagnosed with breast cancer, general surgeons perform procedures such as breast conserving surgery or mastectomy.

Thyroid Surgery: Thyroid surgery may be needed to treat nodules in the thyroid gland or thyroid cancer.

Hernia Surgeries: Repair of inguinal, umbilical or other types of hernias is performed by general surgeons.

Dermatologic Surgery: Removal and reconstruction of skin cancer or other skin lesions are performed in general surgery.

Gastrointestinal Surgery: Surgical treatment of digestive system problems such as stomach ulcers, intestinal obstructions, reflux disease is within the scope of general surgery.

Anorectal Surgery: Treatment of anorectal problems such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistula is performed by general surgery.

Abdominal Surgery: Surgical treatment of various diseases in the abdominal region is within the scope of general surgery. These surgeries may include conditions such as removal of tumors in the abdominal organs, stopping intra-abdominal bleeding, drainage of intra-abdominal infections.

Endocrine Surgery: The treatment of diseases of the endocrine glands is also included in general surgery. For example, removal of tumors in the adrenal glands or surgical treatment of tumors in the endocrine part of the pancreas are the work of general surgeons.